0580

Number Toolkit

Number

Symbols to recognise

SymbolMeaningExample
=is equal to4x + 1 = 9
is not equal to5 − 2 ≠ 2 − 5
is approximately equal toπ ≈ 3.14
is identically equal to6x + 9 ≡ 3(2x + 3)
>is greater than7 > −1
<is less than−4 < 0
is greater than or equal tox ⩾ 2
is less than or equal tox ⩽ 10
±plus or minusx = 4 ± 3 means x = 7 or x = 1
  • Brackets group part of a calculation so it is carried out first
  • Indices, also called powers, show repeated multiplication: 2⁵ = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 32
  • An identity written with ≡ holds for every value of the letter, whereas an equation written with = holds only for particular values

Words used for the four operations

OperationWords used in questions
Additiontotal, sum, plus, increase by
Subtractiontake away, difference, less than, minus
Multiplicationproduct, lots of, times
Divisionshare, per, quotient, divide